Indonesia is battling its fiercest wildfires in at least a decade, with nearly 3 million hectares burned this year.
Scientists say an intense El Nino has slashed rainfall by half and nudged up temperatures, making the fires even harder to control.
The thick haze has spread across Southeast Asia, affecting daily life far beyond Indonesia's borders.
Indonesia reports 400,000 respiratory infections
El Nino has helped to delay Indonesia's rainy season by about a month and triggered 400,000 respiratory infections.
Smoke has drifted to Singapore and Malaysia, sparking protests in Jakarta for stronger action.
Experts warn that logging and peatland draining are making things worse and say it's time for serious prevention to tackle future climate threats.