Satellites are polluting our atmosphere, study reveals
A 2025 study found that the boom in satellite launches by SpaceX and OneWeb has increased soot and carbon dioxide emissions high above Earth in recent years.
As more satellites re-enter the atmosphere, a 2025 study simulated potential yearly emissions of about 10,000 metric tons of alumina and other metals, raising concerns about long-term impacts.
Satellite re-entries leave behind pollution
When satellites burn up as they fall back to Earth, they leave behind pollution.
Around 10% of aerosol particles in the stratosphere contain metal particles from incinerated satellites.
Warming and ozone layer concerns
Researchers warn that if satellite numbers keep rising, aluminum oxide emissions could warm parts of the upper atmosphere by about 1.5 degrees Celsius and alter polar vortex wind speeds.
Chemicals from rocket fuel can also chip away at the ozone layer.
Solutions to the problem
Experts and analysts suggest making satellites easier to repair or refuel instead of letting them burn up.
Policies like "de-orbit bonds" and holding companies responsible for cleanup could help keep space tech useful without trashing our skies.