5 amazing Japanese storytelling art forms
What's the story
Japanese storytelling is a beautiful amalgamation of art forms that have been developed over the years. These traditions provide a unique insight into the culture and history of the country, with many of them combining performance with narration. While some are popular internationally, others are undiscovered gems. Here are five fascinating Japanese storytelling art forms that you may not know about, and their unique take on narration.
#1
Noh theatre: The ancient drama
Noh theatre is one of the oldest performing arts of Japan, dating back to the 14th century. It uses music, dance, and drama to narrate stories often rooted in folklore and mythology. Performers wear elaborate masks and costumes, which help convey emotions and character traits. The minimalist stage design focuses attention on the actors' movements and expressions. Noh plays are typically slow-paced, allowing audiences to immerse themselves in the subtle nuances of the performance.
#2
Rakugo: The art of comic storytelling
Rakugo is a form of verbal entertainment where a lone storyteller sits on stage and narrates humorous tales, using just a fan and hand towel as props. Originated in the Edo period (1603-1868), rakugo heavily relies on vocal expression and timing to engage audiences. The storyteller plays multiple characters by changing voice tones and facial expressions, creating an engaging experience without elaborate set or costume changes.
#3
Kamishibai: Paper theatre for all ages
Translated as "paper play," kamishibai is the act of storytelling with illustrated cards shown in a small wooden stage-like box. Quite popular during the early 20th century, kamishibai was mostly performed by street storytellers who rode bicycles from one town to another. Each card illustrates a scene from the story while the narrator does the dialogue and sound effects. The interactive form entertains both kids and adults with its vibrant imagery.
#4
Bunraku: Masterful puppet theatre
Bunraku is a complex form of puppet theatre that started in Osaka in the late 17th century. It involves giant puppets that are manipulated by three puppeteers dressed in black robes who coordinate effortlessly to animate characters. A narrator with traditional instruments voices all characters and expresses emotions through voice modulation only—offering an immersive experience to audiences as they witness these living figures act out elaborate stories.
#5
Biwa Hoshi: Epic tales through music
Biwa hoshi were blind musicians in medieval Japan (1185-1603), reciting epic tales with a biwa instrument. Given that literacy was low, they acted as cultural transmitters, preserving historical events and legends through melodic chants and instrumental interludes. Their captivating performances ensured these stories remained cherished across generations.